Interactive Report

Q: What is the 287(g) program?

Section 287(g) of the Immigration and Nationality Act allows Immigration and Customs Enforcement to partner with local law enforcement agencies. The program operates through three models: Jail Enforcement Model (JEM), Warrant Service Officer (WSO), and Task Force Model (TFM). As of the data, there are 135 County-level, 2,019 Municipal-level, and State-level participating agencies.

Q: What are the different 287(g) agreement models?

There are three 287(g) agreement models: Jail Enforcement Model (JEM) for questioning detainees in jails, Warrant Service Officer (WSO) for serving administrative warrants, and Task Force Model (TFM) which allows local officers to perform immigration enforcement functions in the field. The Task Force Model, previously halted in 2012, has been revived and represents 1,317 agreements (65.8% of total agreements).

Report methodology

For full-screen + mobile-friendly access/navigation, visit the full report hosted on Google Data Studio.

Report Methodology Learn Moreabout the 287(g) program

Report Sections

Canceled Agreements

Agreements removed from ICE's published list since January 20, 2025.

Visual overview of canceled 287(g) agreements, including a map of cancelations + breakdown by level of government, state, and program model.

County-Level Agency Participation

Filled-area map of U.S. counties with at least one active county-level 287(g) agreement.

Filled-area map of the 819 U.S. county-level jurisdictions currently participating in the 287(g) program with a county-level law enforcement agency as of June 18, 2026.

Local-Level Agency Participation

Bubble map of participating municipal agencies + jurisdiction population analysis.

Screenshot of report page showing municipal-level agreements by population: as a weighted bubble map based on pop; bar chart of active agreements by population bin; smallest/largest municipality tables with agency/jurisdiction population details.

Program Related Arrests

Analysis of '287(g)-related arrest' data

Dashboard view of the 287(g)-Related Arrests section of the 287(g) Program Tracker/Report, including combo bar/line charts illustrating the growth in monthly program arrests + comparison stats.

ICE Arrest Data from January 01, 2025 to July 31, 2026 | Originally processed by Deportation Data Project.

Financial Incentives

Tracking program-related reimbursement requests + financial grants awarded to participating agencies.

Report Methodology Learn Moreabout the 287(g) program

Changelog

Version 2

v2.0

Report changelog published September 15, 2026 with initial entry v2.0; previous report changes added retroactively under v1.[x] below.

Change in 287(g) arrest dataset from total ICE arrests to new 'arrests with detention' dataset from Deportation Data Project;
Schema change from ICE to add 'Apprehension city' (processed and styled as 'Arrest city' in this report), report arrest section expanded to add city-level analysis (with caveats re: ICE data quality).

Version 1

v1.4

Added 2018 Census of State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies as a source of reference data for agency participation (September 14, 2026)

Report overview page now includes total number of local/state law enforcement agencies per state + state participation rate (%).

v1.3

Added 'Cancel reason' classification label for canceled agreements; backfilled labels for previously canceled agreements with verification from news media or official statement.

v1.2

Added Financial Incentives report section with separate pages tracking: 1.) state-level grant programs; and 2.) documented reimbursement requests (and/or payment receipts) sent to ICE by participating agencies.

v.1.1

Added Canceled Agreements report section to track the memoranda of agreement (MOAs) removed from ICE's published snapshot list of active agreements, with timeline + map of canceled agreements since December 2025.

v1.0

Published initial report with map of active 287(g) agreements, state-level totals, and interactive charts to visualize the program by agreement model, agency type, and population. (November 18, 2025)

About the Report

Understanding the report and the data behind it.

License: MIT

Creator: Andrew Thrasher (Titus Consulting)

Report Host: Google Data Studio

Report methodology

The Data

Primary data source: ICE's 287(g) agreement list

The original data comes directly from ICE, which publishes an Excel spreadsheet of active 287(g) agreements every day or so (update schedule/frequency are not consistent).

ICE makes this data available through snapshot updates: a new version of the spreadsheet is published, replacing the previous version entirely. Each version of the spreadsheet reflects only the active agreements at the time of publishing. There is no changelog, no historical archive, and no unique identifiers for individual agreements. Basically, ICE publishes this data in a way that strips it of lots of otherwise helpful metadata.

How do we process ICE's data?

This report reflects a processed version of the original spreadsheet data from ICE. This includes:
‍
– fixing typographic errors;
– identifying and editing verifiable discrepancies in agency + jurisdiction names;
– removing errant whitespaces;
– blending in population + location data for jurisdictions (see 'Other data sources');
– addressing other verifiable data entry issues.

For example: An incorrect 'Signed Date' for an agreement with the Ottawa County Sheriff's Office in Oklahoma.
While ICE's published list continues to list a signature date of February 23, 2025, the agreement was actually signed on February 23, as confirmed in the corresponding Memorandum of Agreement published by ICE.

How can I use the report?

The report is currently published on Google Data Studio (previously known as Looker Studio). Our processed and enriched dataset syncs directly into Data Studio, helping to ensure accurate, consistent + timely data across each chart, map, etc. in the report.

You can learn more about Data Studio via this user guide, or through this short training, which is part of a longer course from Google on 'data journalism').

You can learn more about how we process ICE's data and define key terms via the formal report methodology here, along with more information on inherent limitations to the report—particularly in relation to data quality and incompleteness.

Note on Google: While our report is currently hosted on Data Studio, Google has shown a growing affinity for cooperating with the federal government's weaponized surveillance and illegal overreach campaign, which continues to target members of the media, advocacy groups and demonstrators, politicians, and vulnerable communities across the U.S. (and across the globe). With that said, we use Google reluctantly — and with an eye toward hosting this report on a tool more aligned with our expectations for reliable, trustworthy product vendors.

The Policy + Law

Learn More

What is the 287(g) program?

Section 287(g) of the Immigration and Nationality Act gives Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) the authority to enter into partnership agreements with state and local law enforcement agencies, effectively deputizing certain officers in participating agencies to perform certain immigration enforcement functions.

There are three (3) models of the program, each with varying degrees of delegated authority, expectations, and liabilities — and incentives for partipating agencies. And agreements can be signed by law enforcement agencies across three (3) levels of government:
‍
County agencies (like sheriffs' and district attorneys' offices)
Municipal agencies (like local police departments and university campus police)
State agencies (like state police/highway patrols and prisons)

The program has expanded rapidly since January 2025, growing from 135 active agreements to 2,019 as of late June 2026.

Learn More

What are the different 287(g) agreement models?

There are three (3) versions of the 287(g) program:
‍
Jail Enforcement Model (JEM):
Designated officers in a local jail, state prison, etc. screen arrested individuals against federal immigration databases upon book-in at the facility.
‍
Warrant Service Officer (WSO):
Designated officers are authorized to execute existing administrative warrants issued by ICE.
‍
Task Force Model (TFM):
The most expansive version, in which participating officers are effectively deputized to enforce federal immigration law in the course of their normal police work. Task Force officers can question and arrest individuals for suspected violations of civil immigration law during routine law enforcement activity, after a short online training from ICE.

The Task Force Model was previously halted in 2012 due to racial profiling concerns, but was reactivated shortly after the January 2025 presidential inauguration, and has seen rapid adoption (particularly among municipal agencies) since. As of September 17, 2026, there are 1,778 active Task Force Model agreements — representing a large majority (70.8%) of totalagreements.

Learn More

Media References

Cited by:

Questions or requests?

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News From the States

Federal funds for local police enforcement accelerated Trump immigration crackdown

"More than 71% of 287(g) agreements now use the task force model, according to Titus Consulting, a firm that tracks the agreements. About 7% use the jail enforcement model and more than 21% use the warrant model."

Ariana Figueroa

October 02, 2026

287(g) Program Tracker

Interactive Report

Report Sections

Canceled Agreements

County-Level Agency Participation

Local-Level Agency Participation

Program Related Arrests

Financial Incentives

Changelog

Version 2

v2.0

Version 1

v1.4

v1.3

v1.2

v.1.1

v1.0

About the Report

The Data

Primary data source: ICE's 287(g) agreement list

How do we process ICE's data?

How can I use the report?

The Policy + Law

What is the 287(g) program?

What are the different 287(g) agreement models?

Media References

Support the Work